Breach of Contract, Compensation and Remedies under Myanmar Laws

By Khaing Thanda Lwin

18^th June 2025

Under Myanmar laws, there are two main status that address the breach of contract and its remedies. The breach of contract is primarily governed by the Contract Act, 1872, especially Sections 73 to 75, which deal with compensation for loss or damage caused by breach of contract.

However, the Specific Relief Act, 1877 also plays an important role in relation to breaches of contract. It does not define a breach or provide compensation like the Contract Act, but it governs what remedies are available to an injured party, especially regarding non-monetary remedies. There are three main kinds of remedies for breach of contract, (i) damages, (ii) a degree for specific performance, or (iii) an injunction.

The law as to damages for the breach of contract and the measure of damages are laid down in Sections 73 to 75 of the Contract Act, 1872. The law regarding the specific performance and injunction are regulated by Sections 12 to 30 of the Specific Relief Act.

 

I. BREACH OF CONTRACT AND COMPENSATION UNDER THE CONTRACT ACT, 1872

The following provisions deal with the breach of contract and compensation available under the Contract Act, 1872.

 

Section 39        Effect of breach of contract willfully caused by a party

“When a party to a contract has refused to perform, or disabled himself from performing, his promise in its entirely, the promisee may put an end to the contract, unless he has signified, by words or conduct, his acquiescence in its continuance.”

 

Section 54 Effect of default as to that promise which should be first performed, in contract consisting of reciprocal promises

“When a contract consists of reciprocal promises, such that one of them cannot be performed or that its performance cannot be claimed till the other has been performed and the promisor of the promise last mentioned fails to perform it, such promisor cannot claim the performance of the reciprocal promise, and must make compensation to the other party to the contract for any loss which such other party may sustain by the non-performance of the contract.”

 

Section 73        Compensation for loss or damage caused by breach of contract

“When a contract has been broken, the party who suffers by such breach is entitled to receive, from the party who has broken the contract, compensation for any loss or damage caused to him thereby, which naturally arose in the usual course of things from such breach or which the parties knew, when they made the contract, to be likely to result from the breach of it.

Such compensation is not to be given for any remote and indirect loss or damage sustained by reason of the breach.”

Compensation for breach of contract where penalty stipulated for

“Compensation for failure to discharge obligation resembling those created by contract. When an obligation resembling those created by contract has been incurred and has not been discharged, any person injured by the failure to discharge it is entitled to receive the same compensation from the party in default as if such person had contracted to discharge it and had broken his contract.”

Explanation:  In estimating the loss or damage arising from a breach of contract, the     means which existed of remedying the inconvenience caused by the non-       performance of the contract must be taken into account.

 

Section 74        Compensation for breach of contract where penalty stipulated for

“When a contract has been broken, if a sum is named in the contract as the amount to be paid in case of such breach, or if the contract contains any other stipulation by way of penalty, the party complaining of the breach is entitled, whether or not actual damage or loss is proved to have been caused thereby, to receive from the party who has broken the contract reasonable compensation not exceeding the amount so named or, as the case may be, the penalty stipulated for.”

Explanation:    A stipulation for increased interest from the date of default may be a stipulation by way of penalty.

 

Section 75        Party rightfully rescinding contract entitled to compensation

“A person who rightly rescinds a contract is entitled to compensation for any damage which he has sustained through the non-fulfilment of the contract.”

 

 II.  REMEDIES FOR BREACH OF CONTRACT UNDER THE SPECIFIC RELIEFS ACT, 1872

Here are some provisions related to remedies for breach of contract under the Specific Reliefs Act, 1872.

 

2.1    RECOVERY OF IMMOVEABLE PROPERTY

Section 8          Recovery of specific immoveable property

“A person entitled to the possession of specific immoveable property may recover it in the manner prescribed by the Code of Civil Procedure. Suit by person dispossessed of immoveable property.”

Section 9          Suit by person dispossessed of immoveable property      

“If any person is dispossessed without his consent of immoveable property otherwise than in due course of law, he or any person claiming through him may by suit recover possession thereof, notwithstanding any other title that may be set up in such suit. Nothing in this section shall bar any person from suing to establish his title to such property and to recover possession thereof. No suit under this section shall be brought against the Government. No appeal shall lie from any order or decree passed in any suit instituted under this section, nor shall any review of any such order or decree be allowed.”

 

2.2    SPECIFIC PERFORMANCE OF CONTRACTS

Section 12        Cases in which specific performance enforceable.

“The specific performance of any contract may in the discretion of the Court be enforced-

(a)       when the act agreed to be done is in the performance, wholly or partly, of a trust;

(b)      when there exists no standard for ascertaining the actual damage caused by non-performance of the act agreed to be done;

(c)       when the act agreed to be done is such that pecuniary compensation for its non-performance would not afford adequate relief; or

(d)      when it is probable that pecuniary compensation cannot be got for the non-performance of the act agreed to be done.”

 

Section 19        Power to award compensation in certain cases

“Any person suing for the specific performance of a contract may also ask for compensation for its breach, either in addition to, or in substitution for, such performance. If in any such suit the Court decides that specific performance ought not to be granted, but that there is a contract between the parties which has been broken by the defendant and that the plaintiff is entitled to compensation for that breach, it shall award him compensation accordingly. If in any such suit the Court decides that specific performance ought not to be granted, but that it is not sufficient to satisfy the justice of the case, and that some compensation for breach of the contract should also be made to the plaintiff, it shall award him such compensation accordingly.”

2.2    PREVENTIVE RELIEFS

“Injunction is used as a means of enforcing a contract or a promise to forbear, where a contract is about to be broken by a party to the contract. Injunctions are of two kinds, namely, temporary or perpetual. Both injunctions are governed by Sections 52 to 57 of the Specific Relief Act.”

 

Section 52        Preventive reliefs how grant

“Preventive relief is granted at the discretion of the Court by injunction, temporary or perpetual. Temporary injunctions.”

 

Section 53        Temporary injunctions

“Temporary injunctions are such as are to continue until a specified time, or until the further order of the Court. They may be granted at any period of a suit and are regulated by the Code of Civil Procedure.”

“Order 39, Rule 1 of the Code of Civil Procedure states that where in any suit it is proved by affidavit or otherwise—

(a)    that any property in dispute in a suit is in danger of being wasted, damaged or alienated by any party to the suit, or

(b)   that the defendant threatens, or intends, to remove or dispose of his property with a view to defraud his creations.

The Court may by order grant a temporary injunction to restrain such act, or make such other order for the purpose of staying and preventing the wasting, damaging, alienation, sale, removal, or disposition of the property as the court thinks fit, until the disposal of the suit or until further orders.”

 

Section 54        Perpetual injunctions when granted

“When the defendant invades or threatens to invade the plaintiff’s right to, or enjoyment of, property, the Court may grant a perpetual injunction in the following cases (namely):-

(a)   where the defendant is trustee of the property for the plaintiff;

(b)   where there exists no standard for ascertaining the actual damage caused, or likely to be caused, by the invasion;

(c)   where the invasion is such that pecuniary compensation would not afford adequate relief;

(d)   where it is probable that pecuniary compensation cannot be got for the invasion;

(e)   where the injunction is necessary to prevent a multiplicity of judicial proceedings.”

Section 55        Mandatory injunctions

“When, to prevent the breach of an obligation, it is necessary to compel the performance of certain acts which the Court is capable of enforcing, the Court may in its discretion grant an injunction to prevent the breach complained of, and also to compel performance of the requisite acts.”

 

Section 57        Injunction to perform negative agreement

“Notwithstanding section 56, clause (f), where a contract comprises an affirmative agreement to do a certain act, coupled with a negative agreement, express or implied, not to do a certain act, the circumstance that the Court is unable to compel specific performance of the affirmative agreement shall not preclude it from granting an injunction to perform the negative agreement; provided that the applicant has not failed to perform the contract so far as it is binding on him.”

 

CONCLUSION

Under Myanmar laws, bearing the liability for breach of contract involves both monetary and non-monetary remedies, as provided under the Contract Act, 1872 and the Specific Relief Act, 1877.

A breaching party may be held liable to pay compensation for loss or damage caused by the breach (Sections 73–75 of the Contract Act); to comply with a court order for specific performance or injunction, compelling or restraining certain actions (Sections 12–30, 52–57 of the Specific Relief Act), and to restore possession in cases involving immovable property (Sections 8–9 of the Specific Relief Act).

Thus, a party who breaches a contract may bear liability by paying damages, performing contractual obligations, or being subject to legal restraints or orders, depending on the nature of the breach and the relief sought by the injured party.

 

REFERENCES

1.        1872,  The Specific Relief Act

2.        1877,  The Contract Act

3.        1909,  The Code of Civil Procedure

Notification 40/2025 of Commerce Ministry (Unofficial Translation by Khaing Thanda Lwin)

 

Republic of the Union of Myanmar

Notification 40/2025

Ministry of Commerce

(29^th May 2025)

According to the power conferred by Section 13 of the Export and Import Law, the Ministry of Commerce has issued the following regulations for the importation of electric vehicles (EV) during the pilot project period.

 

The EV importers shall:

§  obtain a permit from the Steering Committee on National-level Development of Electric Vehicles and Related Industries.

§  hold a valid certificate for opening a showroom.

§  import only the number of vehicles allowed by the Steering Committee.

§  ensure availability of spare parts and provide after-sale service.

The companies to open EV showroom shall:

§  be registered with the DICA.

§  be an authorized dealer or distributor for the respective brand endorsed by the parent company or regional office of each brand.

§  obtain a permission from the respective region/state government and licence from the relevant development bodies.

§  submit a tax clearance document issued by the Internal Revenue Department.

§  comply with the standards stipulated by the Commerce Ministry concerning the venue, building and warehouse requirements.

§  follow the attached stipulations regarding the area specifications for showroom and warehouse.

§  establish showroom or warehouse at the same place in the respective region/state specified for opening of showroom or warehouse.

The EV importing companies shall provide a bank guarantee of K50 million through a bank recognized by the Central Bank of Myanmar.

The term ‘electric vehicle’ covers battery electric private vehicle and battery electric passenger bus.

This notification is effective from January 2025 to 31 March 2026.

 

 

Minimum Standards

1.    The total area shall be 10,000 sq ft, with at least 5,000 sq ft allocated for showroom, service   center and guest room.

2.      The total area of warehouse shall be 5,000 sq ft.

3.    The showroom appearance shall meet international standards and its facade and side sections   shall be constructed with glass panels. 

4.   The signboard of showroom shall be 50 sq ft and display the logo of the respective brand   authorized for dealer/ distributer.

5.     The minimum distance from the road shall be 12 feet.

6.     It is permitted to be opened only in non-residential building.

7.    It is permitted to open a showroom and warehouse in the same connected place, provided that the stipulated area requirements are met.

8.   The 10% area requirement may be granted depending on the situation.

Notification in Myanmar Language

"Employment Injury Benefit for Foreign Workers under Myanmar’s Social Security Law"

 Employment Injury Benefit for Foreign Workers under Myanmar’s Social Security Law

By Khaing Thanda Lwin

Photo Credit: Internet

 

I.       INTRODUCTION

In Myanmar, employee social protection is governed by the Social Security Law of 2012, which does not distinguish between local and foreign employees regarding benefit eligibility. The law applies to all ‘insured persons’, including foreign workers registered with the Social Security Board (SSB) and making contributions. As a result, registered foreign employees are generally entitled to the same benefits as local workers. Additionally, the Social Security Rules of 2014 ensures that all foreign employees working in establishments covered in the law, regardless of their salary payment currency, are eligible for health and employment injury benefits under Myanmar’s social security system. Regarding loss caused by natural disasters, the law provides for a Family Assistance Insurance Fund, which offers healthcare, relief materials, and cash assistance to disaster-affected insured persons and their families; however, this scheme remains inactive at present.

 

II.     REGISTRATION

Under Myanmar’s Social Security Law and Directive No. 5/2014 issued by the Social Security Board (SSB), certain employers are required to register their workers, including foreign nationals, with the SSB. This registration ensures access to benefits for all workers, including temporary, permanent, apprentices, and trainees, regardless of whether they are paid wages.

 

2.1     Eligibility for Registration

Employers with five or more employees in establishments covered under Section 11 (a) of the Social Security Law must ensure their workers, including foreign nationals, are registered with the SSB. Additionally, even individuals not employed in covered establishments may voluntarily join the insurance system.

 

2.2     Covered Establishment

The following types of establishments are required to register with the SSB, as per the Social Security Law:

1. Industries, factories, warehouses, and engineering businesses.
2. Government departments, organizations, and regional administrative bodies engaged in business.
3. Development organizations.
4. Financial organizations.
5. Companies, associations, and their branches.
6. Shops, commercial and public entertainment establishments.
7. Transport businesses operated or permitted by the government.
8. Construction projects lasting one year and above under employment agreement;
9. Businesses with foreign investment, citizen investment, or joint ventured businesses.
10. Businesses relating to mining and gem
11. Businesses relating to petroleum and natural gas
12. Ports and out-ports operations.
13. Businesses employing freight handling workers.
14. The Ministry of Labour and its subordinate entities.
15. 
    
    Other establishments designated by the Ministry of Labour.

 

2.3     Registration of Foreign Workers

Foreign nationals employed in covered establishments are required to register with the Social Security Board (SSB), regardless of whether they receive wages in foreign currency or Myanmar kyat. They are subject to the Health and Social Care Insurance System and the Employment Injury Benefit Insurance System. As a result, foreign workers are entitled to the same benefits as local employees. [Rule 202 (a)]

 

III.    SOCIAL SECURITY BENEFITS AND CONTRIBUTIONS

Under the Social Security Law, both employers and employees contribute to the social security system, granting insured individuals with the following key benefits.

(1)       ‘Health and Social Care Insurance’ which covers medical treatment, maternity benefits, cash benefits, disability supports, and funeral grants.

(2)       ‘Employment Injury Insurance’ which include free medical treatment, temporary and permanent disability benefits and survivor’s benefits as well as funeral grants.

 

3.1     Contribution Rate

To enjoy healthcare and social care benefits, (2) % by employers and (2) % by employees, totally (4) % shall be contributed to the Social Security Board.

To enjoy employment injury benefits, the employers shall contribute additional (1) % for the establishments with fewer than (50) employees and at lease (2) employees claim the benefits. If more than (5) % of the employees in the establishments with over (50) employees claim the benefits, the employers’ contribution increases to (1.5) %. [Sections 17 and 50, Rule 55 (a) and Rule 58]

 

3.2     Voluntary Contribution

Under this law, voluntary contribution of an individual, including self-employed workers and the employees working in the company with less than five employees, to the Social Security Board (SSB) are allowed. The establishments opting for voluntary insurance can access employment injury benefit by making the employer contributions similar to those required for covered establishments. [Rule 59 (b)]

 

3.3     Contribution in Foreign Currency

If an insured person earns wages in foreign currency, contributions to the Social Security Fund and Employment Injury Benefit Fund must be paid in foreign currency. Corresponding benefits will also be provided in foreign currency. (Section 102)

Rule 202 (c) clearly defines the method of contribution payment and benefit entitlement based on the currency in which wages are received. It specifies that for insured persons earning in foreign currency must pay contributions and receive benefits in foreign currency. Those earning in Myanmar kyat must pay contributions and receive benefits in Myanmar kyat.

 

3.4     Right to Enjoy Benefit despite of Defaulting to Contribute

Even if the employer—whether already registered or required to register—fails to pay the contributions, or even if the contributions are not deducted from the worker’s wages and paid, the insured person still has the right to enjoy the benefits under this Law. If the insured person has passed away, the right to receive benefits belongs to the person nominated by the insured. If no one was nominated, the benefits go to the insured’s dependents. [Section 69 (a)]

The employer who defaults on contribution payments shall be liable to pay the outstanding contributions, the stipulated defaulting fees, and bear the cost of all benefits and related expenses payable to the insured. [Section 69 (b)]

 

IV.     OVERVIEW OF EMPLOYMENT INJURY BENEFIT

In the Social Security Law, ‘Employment Injury’ refers to an accidental injury, decease or occupational disease contracted to a worker in and out of workplace due to employment, in connection with duty, in carrying out other works for the benefit of the employer or on the way to and from the workplace to serve duty. [Section 2 (f)]

The ‘Employment Injury Benefit Fund’ refers to a fund established by the employer’s contributions for his workers to enjoy employment injury benefit. [Section 2 (h)]

Employers are required to register with the township social security office and contribute to the Employment Injury Benefit Fund for workers covered under Section 45 of the Social Security Law. [Section 48 (a)]

Additionally, employers may voluntarily register and contribute to the fund for workers not covered by the mandatory registration provisions. [Section 48 (b)]

Through the Employment Injury Benefit Insurance System, registered employees are entitled to medical treatment, temporary disability benefits, permanent disability benefits, survivors' benefits, and funeral expenses.

 

4.1     Free Medical Treatment

The insured person has the right to receive medical care for the employment injury, without limitation on period, at the social security hospitals, clinics or the State-owned or private hospitals and clinics concluded agreement with the Social Security Board. [Section 52 (a), Rule 106]

 

4.2     Temporary Disability Benefit

An insured worker who suffers a work-related injury that leads to a temporary inability to work is entitled to specific benefits under the Social Security Law. These include medical care and financial support in the form of temporary disability benefits. The law also outlines procedures for converting these benefits to permanent disability benefits under certain conditions, as well as provisions for cases of recurring incapacity. The following sections detail the eligibility, duration, and conversion process of temporary disability benefits.

4.2.1        Entitlement to Temporary Disability Benefit

An insured worker who suffers a reduction or cessation of earnings due to an employment injury is entitled to free medical treatment and a temporary disability benefit of 70% of the average wage within the four months prior to the occupational accident. This benefit is available from the date of incapacity for work, to a maximum of 12 months, under medical certificate. (Section 55, Rule 181)

The insured may claim the temporary disability benefit for a minimum of one day and up to 12 months, depending on the period of incapacity. If the worker is registered under the employment injury benefit system, the benefit is granted without restriction on the period of contribution. (Rule 180)

 

4.2.2       Conversion to Permanent Disability Benefit

If the insured remains incapable of working after 12 months of receiving temporary disability benefit, the benefit shall be converted into a permanent disability benefit. If a medical certificate confirms permanent disability while the insured is still receiving temporary disability benefit, the conversion to permanent disability benefit shall apply. [Section 56 (b) and (c)]

If medical care ends before the 12 months due to recovery but results in permanent impairment or loss of a bodily organ, the insured may convert to permanent disability benefit. [Rules 188 (a)]

 

4.2.3       Recurrence of temporary disability

In the event of a recurrence of temporary disability, if the insured becomes incapable of working again due to the same injury, the temporary disability benefit may be extended. However, the total duration, including the additional period, shall not exceed 12 months. (Rule 184)

 

4.3     Permanent Disability Benefit

The rights of the insured include the ability to convert temporary disability benefits into permanent disability benefits based on medical assessments. The insured is entitled to financial support if an employment injury results in permanent impairment, partial or total loss of work capacity.

 

4.3.1        Conversion from Temporary Disability to Permanent Disability Benefit

Before the 12 months period of temporary disability benefit, if medical care stops due to recovery but results in permanent impairment or organ loss, the insured can convert to permanent disability benefit. [Rules 188 (a)]

During the 12 months period of temporary disability benefit, if a medical certificate confirms permanent disability while receiving temporary disability benefit, the insured can convert to permanent disability benefit. [Section 56 (c), Rules 188 (b)]

After the 12 months period of temporary disability benefit, if the insured cannot return to work due to the injury, the temporary disability benefit ends, and they can switch to permanent disability benefit. [Section 56 (b), Rule 188 (c)]

 

4.3.2       Benefit Calculation for Permanent Disability

Permanent disability is classified into two categories based on the loss of work capacity. The insured is entitled to the cash benefit for permanent partial disability if there is likely to cause permanent partial loss of capacity for work and is entitled to the cash benefit for permanent total disability if there is likely to cause permanent total loss of capacity for work due to employment injury. [Section 57, Rule 191 (a)]

According to Section 58, the calculation of permanent disability benefits is based on 70% of the insured’s average monthly wage and the percentage of work capacity lost due to employment injury. The Social Security Law establishes a structured formula to determine the financial compensation, categorized as follows:

(a)        For a loss of work capacity of 20% or less, the insured is entitled to a lump sum cash benefit equivalent to five years of monthly benefits.

(b)       For a loss of work capacity exceeding 20% but not exceeding 75%, the insured has the right to receive cash benefits for seven years, either in installments or as a lump sum.

(c)        For a loss of work capacity exceeding 75%, the insured has the right to enjoy monthly cash benefit for nine years in installment, or in lump sum, or in monthly installment until death.

(d)       For permanently disabled individuals requiring constant care, an additional 10% supplement is provided on top of the entitled benefits under the category of over 75% disability. This supplement may also be received in installments, a lump sum, or monthly payments until death.

 

4.4     Survivors’ Benefit for Occupational Decease

Under Section 62 of the Social Security Law, survivors’ benefits are provided to the dependents of an insured person who has passed away due to an employment-related injury. The entitlement to this benefit is based on the insured’s contribution period and average wage. If a nominated beneficiary exists, they will receive the benefit accordingly. In the absence of a nominated beneficiary, the benefit is distributed among the deceased’s legal dependents in a specified order. The following classification outlines the eligibility, compensation structure, and distribution of survivors’ benefits.

 

4.4.1        Nominated Beneficiary

When the insured is deceased of employment injury, a nominated individual shall be entitled to enjoy the survivors’ benefit, either in installments, or as a lump sum, based on the contribution period and the average wage within the four months preceding the insured’s death.

 

4.4.2      Compensation Based on Contribution Period

The survivors’ benefit shall be determined as follows:

-        For contributions of 60 months and under, 30 times of an average wage for a month;

-        For contributions exceeding 60 months but not exceeding 120 months, 50 times of an average wage for a month;

-        For contributions exceeding 120 months but not exceeding 240 months, 60 times of an average wage for a month;

-        For contributions exceeding 240 months, 80 times of an average wage for a month.

 

4.4.3      Absence of a Nominated Beneficiary

If the insured person did not nominate a beneficiary, the survivors’ benefit shall be granted to dependents in the following order: first to the spouse; if there is no surviving spouse, then to the children of the deceased; and if there are no surviving spouse or children, then to the parents of the deceased.

Under Rule 196 (b), if there are more than one person who has the right to enjoy survivors’ benefit, such benefit shall be enjoyed equally.

 

 4.5     Benefit for Funeral Expenses

The registered SSB workers have the right to enjoy ‘Benefit for Funeral Expenses’ under both the Health and Social Care Benefit Fund and the Employment Injury Benefit Fund.

If the insured is deceased of occupational injury or any other cause, for a person nominated by the insured or if there is no such nomination, survived wife or husband who lives together with him or her, or members of the family or persons who incurred for such funeral expenses, or a person who claimed for the expenses which he incurred for the funeral may claim the benefit. The entitlement amounts to a maximum of five times the insured’s average wage of a month calculated from the last four months before their passing. [Section 30, Rule 126 (b)]

 

V.      LIMITATION

This section outlines the time limits within which claims for temporary disability benefits, permanent disability benefits, and survivors' benefits must be filed under the Social Security Law. The following subsections specify the applicable periods for each type of benefit claim.

 

5.1     Limitation on temporary disability benefits

The insured shall claim the temporary disability benefit within (3) months from the expiry of the period of disability to work according to the medical certificate. [Rules 185 (b)]

The temporary disability benefit shall be terminated form the date on which the insured becomes capable for work again within 12 months. [Section 56 (a)]

The temporary disability benefit may be fully or partially suspended if the insured person returns to work for wages, fails to receive necessary medical care for recovery, or does not follow the doctor's instructions, resulting in delayed recovery. (Rules 187)

Section 63 stipulates that an insured person is not entitled to receive sickness benefit or maternity benefit concurrently with temporary disability benefit. In cases where two of these benefits are payable, and their amounts differ, only the higher amount shall be paid to the beneficiary.

 

 5.2     Limitation on Permanent Disability Benefit

Section 73 (iv) provides that, for any benefit payable from the Social Security Fund or Employment Injury Benefit Fund—if granted in installments or on a monthly basis—the entitled person must submit a claim with supporting documents to the relevant Township Social Security Office within one year from either the date of the accident or the date of termination of temporary disability benefit in the case of conversion to permanent disability benefit due to an employment injury.

 

5.3     Limitation on Survivors’Benefit for Occupational Decease

Section 73 (v) stipulates that, for any benefit payable from the Social Security Fund or the Employment Injury Benefit Fund—if granted in installments or on a monthly basis—the eligible person must submit a claim, along with the required supporting documents, to the relevant Township Social Security Office within one year from the date of the insured's death, in cases where the death resulted from an occupational cause and the claim relates to survivors’ benefit.

 

VI.     CONCLUSION

Myanmar’s Social Security Law ensures that both local and foreign workers registered under the system are entitled to comprehensive employment injury benefits. These include medical care, disability compensation, survivors’ support, and funeral grants. To access these protections, timely registration, contribution compliance, and adherence to claim procedures are essential for both employers and employees.

 

REFERENCES

 1.         Social Security Law 2012      

2.         Social Security Rules 2014    

3.         Directive 5/2014 (Procedures for Contributions to the Social Security Board)